Science & Nature

Anatomy & Physiology

Latest Contributing Articles


Focus in the Midst of Distraction: Gamma Waves, Your Brain and Concentration

In: Nervous System

By: Marjorie McAtee

The Human Skin: Structure, Function, and Protection

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Jeffrey Willett

Peristalsis in Intestine for Digestion: Gastrointestinal Peristaltic Waves, Intestinal Motility & Absorption

In: Digestive System

By: Lakshmi Ananth

Umbilical Cord Stem Cells: Cord Blood Transplants Replace Bone Marrow Transplants

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Diane Ursu

Blood and Circulatory System Functions: Blood for Oxygen (O2) & Nutrient Transport, Immunity & Coagulation

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Lakshmi Ananth

EKG - Diagnostic Tool for Heart Disease: Electrocardiogram (ECG) in Heart Health, Heart Attack, Heart Failure

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Lakshmi Ananth

Two Different Colored Eyes Condition: Heterochromia of the Eye

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Thomas Wyatt

Sinus Anatomy, Sinus Problems & Sinusitis Basics: Understanding Sinus Pain, Sinus Headache & Sinus Pressure Relief

In: Respiratory System

By: Lakshmi Ananth

Cerebellum – Balance & Motor Control in Brain: Brain Centre for Movement Control, Equilibrium & Muscle Tone

In: Nervous System

By: Lakshmi Ananth

Umbilical Cord Function and Structure: The Organ that Controls Fetal Blood Circulation

In: Reproductive System

By: Bridget Coila

The Sense of Smell: Understanding the Olfactory System

In: Nervous System

By: Andy Luttrell

How the Ear Works: Understanding the Sense of Hearing in the Cochlea

In: Nervous System

By: Andy Luttrell

New Neuronal Growth in the Adult Brain: How Learning Can Save Brain Cells

In: Nervous System

By: David Olle

Uses for Urine: The Remarkable Properties and Practical Applications of Human Urine

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Mary Earhart

How Vision Works in the Brain: How Information from the Eyes is Processed by the Brain

In: Nervous System

By: Andy Luttrell

How Eyes Tell the Brain What They "See": The Function of Rods and Cones in the Retina

In: Nervous System

By: Andy Luttrell

The Neurology of Pain Perception: How the Brain Feels Pain with Nociception

In: Nervous System

By: Andy Luttrell

Muscles of the Female Pelvic Floor: Anatomy of the Perineum and Pelvic Diaphragm

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Protein Structure and Function: Polypeptides and Molecular Interactions

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Diane Ursu

Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis: Integrating Mechanical Cues into Biological Signals

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Nur Aida Abdul Rahim

Functions of Bone: Human Skeletal System Physiology

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Diane Ursu

Anatomy of the Respiratory System: The Airways and Lungs

In: Respiratory System

By: Diane Ursu

Parts of the Digestive System: Organs Used for Digestion

In: Digestive System

By: Diane Ursu

Female Pelvic Anatomy: Reproductive Organs of Women

In: Reproductive System

By: Diane Ursu

Sensory Receptors: Nerve Cell Stimulation and Sensation

In: Nervous System

By: Diane Ursu

What Is Cancer? Cell Mutation and Uncontrolled Cell Reproduction

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Diane Ursu

Peripheral Blood Flow Through the Veins: Mechanisms for Venous Return to the Heart from the Arms and Legs

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Diane Ursu

Renal Nephron Structure: The Functional Part of Kidney Anatomy

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Diane Ursu

Renal Anatomy: Kidney Structure and Function

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Diane Ursu

Renal Anatomy and Physiology: Structure and Function of the Kidneys

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Alicia Mae Prater

Nephron Structure and Function: The Basic Unit of the Kidney

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Alicia Mae Prater

The Different Blood Vessels: Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Alicia Mae Prater

Physical and Cultural Uses of the Tongue: Organ of Taste, Vehicle of Speech

In: Digestive System

By: Jeffrey Donaldson

The Eustachian Tubes: Maintaining Pressure in the Ear

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Alicia Mae Prater

The Stages of Myelination: A Summary of the Series of Events in Myelin Ensheathment of Axons

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Sarah Mikula

Basic Heart Terminology: Understanding Cardiology Terms

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Alicia Mae Prater

Plantar Fasciitis – A Painful Affair: Ankle Pain and Ways to Get Rid of It

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Jitendra Rathod

What is a Hermaphrodite? When Gender Testing Determines a Person is Both Male and Female

In: Reproductive System

By: Feature Writer Jenny Evans

How the Retina Works: Vision Begins with a Highly Ordered Series of Nerve Cells in the Eye

In: Nervous System

By: Kenneth Rosen

The Spinal Column: Vertebrae Protect the Spinal Cord and Support the Head

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Kenneth Rosen

Muscles of Inspiration: Overview of the Muscular Causes of Breathing In

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

What Is Myelin? Many Nerve Cell Axons Have Specialized Insulation

In: Nervous System

By: Kenneth Rosen

How Balance and Posture Are Maintained: Receptors in The Vestibular Apparatus And Elswhere Keep us Upright

In: Nervous System

By: John Richard Roberts

Bony Anatomy of the Pelvis and its Joints: How the Pelvic Bones are Joined Together

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Is Aging Inevitable? Gerontology Seeks to Understand the Enigma of Aging

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Dennis Holley

Glial Cells in the Brain: The Structure and Function of Glia

In: Nervous System

By: Sarah Mikula

Testing Scapulohumeral Rhythm: How to Assess Movement Patterns in the Shoulder Girdle

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Understanding the Human Brain: The Importance of Connectional Aspects of the Brain

In: Nervous System

By: Sarah Mikula

What is a Bruise or Contusion? The Phases of Bruising and the Treatment and Types of Bruises

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is A Yawn And Why Do People Yawn? The Evolutionary And Physiological Reasons Behind Yawning

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Common Diseases Of The Respiratory System: Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis And Lung Cancer

In: Respiratory System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is A Muscle Cramp? Relief And Treatment Of Muscular Cramping

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Is a Wandering Mind a Bad Thing? Zoning Out May be Crucial to Leading a Balanced Life

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Dennis Holley

Manipulating Memory: New Discoveries May Allow Memory to be Alterated and Even Erased

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Dennis Holley

Do Hair And Nails Continue To Grow After Death? What Happens To Fingernails And Hair After A Person Dies

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

An Overview Of Human Skin: The Glands Of The Epidermis, Dermis And Subcutaneous Layers Of Skin

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

The Structure And Function Of Neurons: How Nerves Transmit Messages To The Brain

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Proteins And Fats Of The Human Body: The Functions Of Amino Acids, Cholesterol, Lipids And Collagen

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Why Do People Get Ice Cream Headaches? Understanding and Preventing Ice Cream or Brain Freeze Headaches

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

How Humans' Taste Buds Work: Tasting The Difference Between Sweet, Sour, Salty and Bitter Flavors

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

How Do Humans Hear? Converting External Sounds to Auditory Signals

In: Nervous System

By: Kenneth Rosen

What Is the Pupil and How Does It Change Size? How Your Eyes and Brain Control Light Intensity on Your Retina

In: Nervous System

By: Kenneth Rosen

Anatomy of the Rotator Cuff: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

LDL Cholesterol: Characteristics of "Bad Cholesterol"

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: James Pendleton

The Nature of Cholesterol in Plants and Animals: Origin, Structure, and Function

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: James Pendleton

The Various Tissues Of The Human Body: Function Of Connective, Epithelial, Muscular & Nervous System Tissue

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

The Different Feeding Methods Of Animals: Endocytosis, Filter Feeding, Fluid Feeding And Seizing Prey

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is An Endotherm? Endothermic Animals Can Generate Their Own Body Heat

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is An Ectotherm? Ectothermic Animals Rely On The Environment For Heat

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Bony Anatomy of the Shoulder Girdle: Scapula, Humerus, Clavicle, and the Joints of the Shoulder

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Why Do Humans And Animals Get Goosebumps? The Reason Why Animals Fluff Up Their Fur Or Feathers

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is The Lymphatic System & How Does It Work? The Human Body’s Mechanism For Immunity Against Viruses and Bacteria

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Neural Signal Transduction: How many Types and Functions of Synapses are in the Brain?

In: Nervous System

By: Sarah Mikula

How The Human Eye Sees: The Optic Path of Vertebrate Eyes

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

How Does The Human Eye Move? The Six Orbital Eye Muscles That Govern Movement

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Body Works In Art And Science: Gunther Von Hagens’ Latest Exhibit Sparks Controversy

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is Vomiting And Why Do We Vomit? The Reasons Why Humans And Animals Throw Up

In: Digestive System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Why Do People Need Sleep? Humans Require Around 7–8 hours Of Rest Every Day

In: Nervous System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Is A Cell? Basic Overview Of An Animal Cell: Cells Are The Fundamental Basis Of All Organisms

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Thermoregulatory Adaptations to Heat in Mammals: How Desert Animals Maintain Body Temperature in Harsh Climates

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Osmoregularity Adaptations to Heat in Mammals: Temperature Has One of the Greatest Influences On Animal Metabolism

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Digestive And Metabolic Adaptations to Heat: How Desert Animals Use Digestion And Metabolism In Hot Climates

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

What Are the Different Parts of the Human Brain? Vital Organ Responsible for Speech, Sight and Movement

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Scott Hayden

Anatomy Study for Kinaesthetic Learning Styles: Hands-on and Tactile Resources for Studying the Human Body

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Planes of Movement and Terms of Position: An Overview of Anatomical Terms of Reference

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Elisabeth Marshall

Human Skeletal Joints are Mostly Freely-Moving: Humans Have Synovial, Semi-movable, and Fixed Joints

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Megan Worley

What is the Resting Potential of a Neuron? Polarization of Resting Neurons Prepares Them to Transmit Impulses

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Adrienne Larocque

The Role of Cortisol in Human Physiology: Crucial for Stress Adaptation, Metabolism, and Reducing Inflammation

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: James Pendleton

The Cranial Nerves: Anatomy and Physiology

In: Nervous System

By: Alicia Mae Prater

The Dangers of Eating Too Much Licorice: How Eating a Lot of Licorice can Cause High Blood Pressure

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Feature Writer Roberta Goli

Frankincense Could Be Remedy For Bladder Cancer: Scientists Say Findings Would Lead To Cheaper Treatment

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: Carmel Snyder

Bone Structure and Growth: Inside the Skeletal System

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Megan Worley

How Do Nerve Cells Communicate: Nerves Use Ion Flux to Make Information Flow

In: Nervous System

By: Kenneth Rosen

The Amazing Case of Phineas Gage: Significant Changes in Gage's Character

In: Anatomy & Physiology (general)

By: Gwendolyn Cuizon

Prostacyclin: Creation and Protective Properties of PGI2

In: Cells/Tissues/Membranes

By: James Pendleton

Researchers Propose Reading Thoughts Remotely: Study Concludes It Is Possible To Read a Person's Mind Remotely

In: Nervous System

By: Daniel Gansle

The Mechanics of The Neck and Skull: This Structure Protects The Most Vital Organs in The Body

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Phil Benson

Human Heart Valves: The Anatomy and Pathology

In: Cardiovascular System

By: Alicia Mae Prater

Cholecystokinin: CCK, A Crucial Role in Digestion and Satiety

In: Digestive System

By: James Pendleton

How Does Muscle Contract? Specialized Proteins in Muscle Do the Work that Leads to Contraction

In: Skeletal/Muscular System

By: Kenneth Rosen

Suite101: Anatomy &  Physiology articles How to subscribe to feeds